SFTP vs FTPS: Understanding Port Differences
Published {$created} by Viggo
When transferring files securely over the internet, understanding the differences between protocols is crucial. Both SFTP (Secure FTP) and FTPS (FTP Secure) aim to provide secure file transfers, but they operate differently and use distinct ports. This quick tutorial explains the key differences between SFTP vs FTPS, focusing on port numbers, security mechanisms, and practical use cases. Whether you're managing business files or personal backups, knowing how these protocols work can help you choose the right solution.
FTPS Explained: Port 990 for Explicit FTP over SSL
FTPS, or FTP Secure, uses port 21 for control and port 990 for data when using explicit FTP with SSL/TLS encryption. It's an extension of traditional FTP with an extra layer of security. FTPS encrypts data during transmission, making it suitable for scenarios where compatibility with existing FTP clients is essential. However, its reliance on port 990 for data channels can sometimes complicate firewall configurations. For businesses prioritizing broad client compatibility while maintaining security, learn about FTPS vs FTP to understand how to implement it effectively.
SFTP: Port 22 for Secure File Transfers via SSH
SFTP, or SSH File Transfer Protocol, operates entirely over port 22 (the same port used by SSH). Unlike FTPS, SFTP encrypts both commands and data within a single SSH tunnel, providing end-to-end security. This makes SFTP inherently more secure and less vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks. SFTP is recommended for high-security environments, such as cloud storage for video surveillance or sensitive business backups. Try setting up SFTP with FTPGrid to experience the convenience of encrypted transfers.
Key Differences at a Glance
| Feature | SFTP (Port 22) | FTPS (Ports 21/990) |
|---|---|---|
| Encryption | SSH tunnel for all data | SSL/TLS for data channels |
| Port Used | Single port (22) | Dual ports (21 for control, 990) |
| Security Level | Higher (end-to-end) | Moderate (data-in-transit) |
| Client Support | Requires SSH client | Widely supported in legacy systems |
For more technical details, explore FTP best practices. When choosing between SFTP and FTPS, consider your security needs, firewall configurations, and client compatibility. Both protocols are supported by FTPGrid, offering enterprise-grade reliability for your file transfers.